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Table 3 Mean proportional limits for green core- and outerwood of Pinus radiata

From: Elastic constants of green Pinus radiata wood

Direction

Stiff outerwood (MPa)

Non-stiff outerwood (MPa)

Stiff corewood (MPa)

Non-stiff corewood (MPa)

rt t

0.8 (0.2)

1.3 (0.5)

1.2 (0.3)

0.9 (0.1)

rt c

−3.2 (0.1)

−2.5 (0.2)

−2.1 (0.1)

−3.2 (0.3)

rl t

1.0 (0.1)

0.8 (0.2)

1.7 (0.4)

0.5 (0.1)

rl c

−3.3 (0.2)

−2.6 (0.1)

−2.3 (0.1)

−3.3 (0.2)

tr t

0.8 (0.2)

0.7 (0.2)

0.9 (0.1)

0.6 (0.1)

tr c

−0.27 (0.1)

−2.4 (0.3)

−1.8 (0.2)

−2.0 (0.2)

tl t

1.0 (0.3)

0.5 (0.1)

0.8 (0.2)

0.8 (0.2)

tl c

−2.6 (0.2)

−2.8 (0.2)

−2.0 (0.1)

−2.3 (0.3)

lr t

46.0 (7.5)

26.0 (1.3)

7.6 (1.8)

21.8 (4.1)

lr c

−17.4 (1.0)

−6.6 (2.9)

−14.0 (1.1)

−17.6 (1.9)

lt t

35.3 (3.8)

27.0 (4.5)

9.6 (2.4)

20.6 (2.4)

lt c

−15.5 (1.5)

−8.5 (3.5)

−13.6 (1.6)

−21.4 (2.8)

TL

2.2 (0.4)

4.5 (0.3)

2.7 (0.2)

3.2 (0.3)

LR

1.8 (0.1)

0.9 (0.2)

1.6 (0.3)

1.3 (0.1)

RT

1.1 (0.2)

0.6 (0.2)

0.7 (0.1)

0.9 (0.1)

  1. Mean proportional limit values: the first letter is the direction of force (with respect to the grain (r = radial; t = tangential; l = longitudinal)); the first and second letters describe the face which was recorded (e.g. rt = radial tangential); and the third letter distinguishes between a tension force, t, and a compressive force, c. For example, rt t a tension force (the subscript t) is applied in the radial direction (the first letter), and the camera is imaging the radial tangential plane (the first two letters). The terms TL, LR and RT define the shear planes. Standard errors are in brackets