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Table 2 Modes of forest management in Scots pine forests with due account of forest growth conditions (soddy podzolic soil)

From: The role of planted forests in improving the productive capacity and ecological potential of Scots pine boreal forests in the Middle Volga Region

Forest growth conditions

Soil

Recommended methods of forest restoration

Number of thinning operations

Planting density of Scots pine (trees/ha)

Harvest age (years)

А1—dry coniferous forest

Dry sand

Pine undergrowth conservation, bare soil with conservation of seed bearers (obligatory); planting and sowing in the furrows

3

8000

81–100

А2—fresh coniferous forest

Fresh sand

Pine undergrowth conservation, bare soil with conservation of seed bearers (obligatory); planting in fire lines

3–4

5500–6000

81–100

В2—fresh subor, i.e. mixed pine forests with birch

Fresh sandy loam (10–15 % loam)

Pine undergrowth conservation; pine planting in the furrows and in fire lines

3–4

4000–6000

81–100

С2—fresh suramen, i.e. mixed spruce and deciduous forest

Fresh clay loam (20–40 % loam)

Pine undergrowth conservation; pine planting in the furrows and in fire lines

3–4

4000

81–100